Q: I filled my home with new houseplants last summer to enhance my bedroom and office. I regularly fertilized them during the warmer months, and they flourished. Now that winter is upon us, should I reduce their feeding?
A: Typically, yes. Most indoor plants don't require fertilization in the winter months and need less water too.
“Many houseplants enter a dormant phase during winter,” notes Kayla Gajdascz, co-founder of Mental Houseplants. “Their growth significantly slows, requiring less energy.”
Fertilizing during this time can lead to nutrient overload that plants can't utilize properly, she explains. “This can cause mineral buildup in the soil, potentially resulting in fertilizer burn on roots.” Symptoms may include wilted leaves and yellowing, especially with brown tips. Moreover, excessive fertilizer can encourage too much foliage growth that roots can't support, adds Kiersten Rankel, a plant specialist.
Pro tip: 'Succulents and cacti require minimal to no feeding throughout the winter, especially after their summer growth periods,” advises Kiersten.
Plants That May Benefit from Winter Fertilization
There are exceptions to the no-feeding rule. Some plants, like those that bloom in winter, may still need fertilization. For example, winter-flowering orchids may benefit from it, Kayla suggests. Amaryllis, known for their stunning blooms from bulbs, and indoor cyclamen are additional candidates.
Vladan Nikolic (Mr. Houseplant) recommends a phosphorus-rich fertilizer to encourage flower growth in winter-bloomers. “Keep in mind that fertilizers can't replace the need for light,” he cautions.
Consider the Miracle-Gro Blooming Houseplant Food, available from Amazon, as a well-liked option.
If you're using grow lights and keeping a warm indoor environment, some plants might actively grow and benefit from light fertilization, Kayla explains. If you notice new leaves or shoots, it’s safe to fertilize, Vladan adds.
When you choose to fertilize, do so less frequently than in warmer months, Kayla advises. To avoid over-fertilization, Vladan suggests diluting the fertilizer to half or a quarter strength.
FAQs
When is it time to stop fertilizing houseplants?
“The best approach is to cease fertilization six weeks before shorter daylight hours start,” advises plant expert Kiersten Rankel. “The soil can hold nutrients for several months.”
When should you resume fertilizing houseplants?
“Start fertilizing again when new growth appears in spring,” Kiersten recommends. “This supports healthy development.”
“Generally, avoid fertilizing houseplants in winter to respect their natural growth cycles,” Kayla concludes. Focus on providing appropriate winter care, such as maintaining humidity. She also suggests avoiding repotting during this season.
Keep temperatures above 55°F and position your plants in the brightest window available, Kiersten advises. “Check soil moisture regularly and only water when it's partly dry,” she adds. This minimizes the risk of root rot during colder months, which can be detrimental for plants.
It's crucial to shield houseplants from central heating in winter, as it can lead to rapid drying. Occasionally cleaning their leaves can help them capture more light and maintain their appearance.
